The story of Northern Mariana Islands
The Northern Mariana Islands, a chain of volcanic and limestone islands in the western Pacific, were settled around 3,500 years ago by seafaring ancestors of the Chamorro people, among the earliest long-distance ocean voyages in the remote Pacific. Over centuries the Chamorro developed a complex society, raising distinctive stone pillars called latte to support their buildings; the giant latte at the House of Taga on Tinian are among the largest ever made.
Ferdinand Magellan's expedition reached the Marianas in 1521, and Spain claimed the islands, naming them after Queen Mariana of Austria. From 1668 missionaries and soldiers established Spanish rule, and much of the Chamorro population of the northern islands was moved to Guam. In the 19th century Carolinian islanders from the south settled on Saipan, adding another strand to the islands' culture. After the Spanish-American War, Spain sold the Northern Marianas to Germany in 1899.
Read the full history
Japan took control in 1914 and later governed the islands under a League of Nations mandate, developing large sugar plantations and towns settled by Japanese and Okinawan migrants. During the Second World War, Saipan and Tinian saw fierce battles in 1944, and Tinian's airfields became the base from which the atomic bomb missions against Japan were launched in 1945. After the war, the islands were administered by the United States as part of a UN Trust Territory.
In the 1970s residents voted to form a Commonwealth in political union with the United States, and the Commonwealth was established in 1978, with residents later becoming US citizens. Today tourism is central to the economy. Visitors come for warm turquoise lagoons, world-class diving at the Grotto, wartime memorials and relics, latte sites and the living Chamorro and Carolinian cultures that give the islands their character.
Timeline
- c. 1500 BCAncestors of the Chamorro settle the Mariana Islands
- 1521Magellan's expedition reaches the Marianas
- 1668Spanish mission and colonial rule begin
- 1899Spain sells the Northern Marianas to Germany
- 1914Japan takes control of the islands
- 1944Battles of Saipan and Tinian
- 1978Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands established
Entry rules depend on your passport and change often.
Before you book, check the official rules for your passport:
- Visa policy of the United States (Wikipedia) ↗
- IATA Travel Centre – passport, visa & health rules ↗
- U.S. passport holders – State Department country pages ↗
- UK passport holders – GOV.UK travel advice ↗
The latest visa and entry news for Northern Mariana Islands appears below as soon as publishers report it.
Travel Disruption Warning: Cataclysmic Super Typhoon Choi-Wan Fiercely Ravages Northern Mariana Islands, Guam And Other Countries Here’s the Latest Wind Speed Data Travellers Need To Know Super Typhoon Choi-Wan travel disruption…
#Northern Mariana Islands#Guam#Typhoons#Islands
Philippine Airlines (PAL) announced it will restore nonstop flights between Ninoy Aquino International Airport (MNL) in Manila and…
#Philippines#Northern Mariana Islands#Manila#Saipan
Things to do in Northern Mariana Islands
- Dive the GrottoDescend into a limestone cavern on Saipan where shafts of blue light pour through underwater tunnels.
- Day-trip to ManagahaSnorkel and sunbathe on a tiny island ringed by a shallow turquoise lagoon off Saipan.
- Visit wartime sitesReflect at the Last Command Post, Banzai Cliff and Suicide Cliff in northern Saipan.
- See the House of TagaStand beside the massive latte stones of an ancient Chamorro chief on Tinian.
- Swim at Rota's Swimming HoleFloat in a natural ocean pool sheltered by rocks in Rota's Song Song village.
- Explore Tinian's North FieldWalk the historic runways and atomic bomb loading pits of the Second World War.
- Watch the sunset at Bird IslandLook out over a striking limestone islet that shelters seabirds off Saipan's north-east coast.
- Taste Chamorro foodTry red rice, kelaguen and barbecue at a village fiesta or night market.
From 30/09/2026 to 04/10/2026, a Hurricane/Typhoon > 74 mph (maximum wind speed of 250 km/h) CHOI-WAN-26 was active in NWPacific. The cyclone affects these countries: Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Russian Federation, United…
#Guam#Northern Mariana Islands#Hurricanes#Typhoons
Where to go in Northern Mariana Islands
- 📍SaipanMain island · beaches & historyThe largest island, with resorts in Garapan, lagoon beaches and many wartime memorials.
- Managaha IslandOff Saipan · lagoon isletA tiny island with clear shallow water perfect for snorkelling.
- 📍The GrottoNorth Saipan · dive siteOne of the Pacific's most famous cavern dives, also impressive from the viewpoint above.
- 📍TinianSouth of Saipan · history & beachesA quiet island with ancient latte stones, wartime airfields and calm beaches.
- RotaSouthern island · natureUnspoilt forests, caves, waterfalls and a relaxed village pace.
- 📍Forbidden IslandEast Saipan · coastal hikeA rugged hike down to tide pools and dramatic coastal cliffs.
- Dive or snorkel the Grotto
- Spend a day on Managaha Island
- Visit WWII memorials on Saipan's north coast
- Try a Chamorro village night market
- Kelaguen – chicken or fish with lemon, coconut and chilli
- Red rice – rice coloured with achiote seeds
- Kadun pika – spicy chicken stew
- Apigigi – coconut and tapioca sweet wrapped in leaves
Best time to visit Northern Mariana Islands
The islands have a hot, humid tropical marine climate with little temperature change through the year. A dry season from December to June is followed by a rainy season when typhoons are possible.
Typical daytime highs and rain in Saipan (approximate averages).
- SpringFlame Tree Arts FestivalSaipan celebrates island arts, music, dance and food when the flame trees bloom.
- JulyLiberation DaySaipan's big early-July celebration combines US Independence Day with Liberation Day, recalling the end of wartime internment, with a parade, carnival and fireworks.
- Year-roundVillage fiestasCatholic patron saint feasts bring processions, Chamorro food and community gatherings.
- MarchCommonwealth Covenant DayA public holiday marking the Covenant that established the Commonwealth.
How many days in Northern Mariana Islands?
Day 1 explore Garapan and the American Memorial Park. Day 2 day-trip to Managaha. Day 3 tour the north: the Grotto, Bird Island and wartime cliffs. Day 4 relax on Micro Beach.
Days 1-4 Saipan's beaches, diving and history. Days 5-6 hop to Tinian for the House of Taga and North Field. Days 7-8 fly to Rota for the Swimming Hole, caves and quiet trails.
Backpacker budget: about $80–120 a day
- There is little public transport, so rent a car with friends to share costs.
- Budget guesthouses and small hotels in Garapan are cheaper than the big beach resorts.
- Eat at local Chamorro takeaways, food trucks and the Garapan Street Market for affordable meals.
- Snorkelling from public beaches is free – bring your own mask.
- Inter-island flights are small and fill up, so book Tinian and Rota hops early.
Stay safe
- The islands are generally safe; lock rental cars and do not leave valuables on beaches.
- Ocean currents beyond the reef can be dangerous – swim within the lagoon and heed warnings.
- Watch typhoon forecasts between August and November and follow local alerts.
- Unexploded wartime ordnance may still be found in remote areas – never touch suspicious objects.
Money
- The US dollar is the currency.
- Cards are accepted at hotels and larger restaurants; ATMs are mainly in Saipan, so bring cash for Tinian and Rota.
- Tipping follows US customs, around 15-20% in restaurants.
Emergency: 911
Saipan International Airport is the main gateway, with flights via Guam and from parts of East Asia; small commuter flights and occasional boats link Saipan with Tinian and Rota.
✈️ Cheap flights to Northern Mariana Islands: airports, flight times & best time to fly →
- The Mariana Trench, the deepest point in the world's oceans, lies to the east of the islands.
- The Enola Gay took off from Tinian's North Field in 1945.
- Latte stones appear on the Commonwealth's flag and seal.
- The islands share Chamorro Standard Time with neighbouring Guam.
- Chamorro and Carolinian are official languages alongside English.
Northern Mariana Islands travel questions
Is the Northern Mariana Islands safe for tourists?
Yes, the islands are generally safe with low crime against visitors. The main risks are ocean currents and typhoons in the wet season.
When is the best time to visit Saipan?
December to June offers the driest, sunniest weather. August to October is wetter and has the highest typhoon risk.
How many days do you need in Saipan?
Three to four days covers Saipan's highlights. A week lets you add Tinian and Rota.
Do I need a visa for the Northern Mariana Islands?
As a US territory, entry rules depend on your passport and on US and local programmes that can change. Check the official government site or embassy before you travel.
What language is spoken in Saipan?
English is widely spoken alongside Chamorro and Carolinian. Getting around is easiest by rental car.
Approximate daily cost per person (stay, food, local transport).
Rent a car on Saipan; taxis and hotel shuttles also run. Small planes and ferries connect Saipan with Tinian and Rota.
- Mount Carmel Cathedral – Saipan's main Catholic cathedral in Chalan Kanoa
- Show respect at WWII memorial sites
- Greet elders politely – respect for elders is important in Chamorro culture
- Dress modestly away from the beach
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