The story of Taiwan
Long before ships from China or Europe appeared on the horizon, Taiwan was home to Austronesian peoples whose ancestors settled the island thousands of years ago. Linguists believe the great Austronesian expansion, which eventually carried languages and seafaring skills across the Pacific and Indian Oceans, may have begun here. Today sixteen officially recognised Indigenous peoples, including the Amis, Atayal, Paiwan, Bunun and Tao, keep those deep roots alive through language, weaving, song and harvest rituals.
In the 1600s the island became a prize for maritime powers. The Dutch East India Company built Fort Zeelandia near present-day Tainan in 1624, while the Spanish held a foothold in the north for a time. In 1662 the Ming loyalist Koxinga (Zheng Chenggong) expelled the Dutch, and in 1683 the Qing dynasty absorbed Taiwan. Waves of settlers from Fujian and Guangdong followed, bringing Hokkien and Hakka culture, temple worship and the rice-and-tea farming that still shapes the western plains.
Read the full history
After the First Sino-Japanese War, Taiwan was ceded to Japan in 1895 and ruled as a colony for fifty years. The Japanese era left railways, schools, hot-spring resorts and many elegant public buildings. In 1945 the island passed to the Republic of China, and in 1949 the Nationalist government relocated to Taipei at the end of the Chinese Civil War. Decades of martial law followed, alongside rapid industrialisation that turned Taiwan into one of Asia's economic powerhouses.
Martial law ended in 1987, and Taiwan moved through peaceful reforms to direct presidential elections in 1996, becoming one of the region's liveliest democracies. For visitors, this layered past is everywhere: Qing-era temples in Tainan, Japanese-era stations and wooden houses, the treasures of the National Palace Museum, Indigenous villages along the east coast, and night markets where every wave of history has left its flavour on the food.
Timeline
- c. 4000 BCAustronesian ancestors of today's Indigenous peoples are living on the island
- 1624Dutch East India Company builds Fort Zeelandia near Tainan
- 1662Koxinga drives out the Dutch and sets up a Ming-loyalist kingdom
- 1683Qing dynasty takes control of Taiwan
- 1895Taiwan is ceded to Japan, beginning 50 years of colonial rule
- 1949The Republic of China government relocates to Taipei
- 1987Martial law is lifted, opening the way to democratic reform
- 1996First direct presidential election is held
Entry rules depend on your passport and change often.
Before you book, check the official rules for your passport:
- Visa policy of Taiwan (Wikipedia) ↗
- IATA Travel Centre – passport, visa & health rules ↗
- U.S. passport holders – State Department country pages ↗
- UK passport holders – GOV.UK travel advice ↗
The latest visa and entry news for Taiwan appears below as soon as publishers report it.
Wanying “Heather” Zhang was arrested just as she was about to fly to China
#Taiwan#China#Flights & Airlines
Taiwan Advances Tainan Rail Modernisation as New Underground Station Opens This October Taiwan is making progress, on modernizing Tainan’s rail system. A new underground station is set to open in October.
#Taiwan#Tainan
Things to do in Taiwan
- Graze a night marketWork your way through stalls of pepper buns, oyster omelettes and bubble tea at Shilin, Raohe or Tainan's weekend markets.
- Hike Taroko GorgeWalk trails carved into marble cliffs above a turquoise river in one of Asia's most dramatic canyons.
- Ride up Taipei 101Shoot up one of the world's fastest elevators for sweeping views over the capital and its green mountain rim.
- Soak in a hot springEase into steaming mineral pools in Beitou, Jiaoxi or Wulai, a tradition dating back to the Japanese era.
- Wander Jiufen's lantern lanesClimb the stepped alleys of this old gold-mining town, sipping tea as red lanterns glow over the sea.
- Watch sunrise at AlishanTake the forest railway into ancient cypress groves and see the sun rise over a sea of clouds.
- Cycle around Sun Moon LakePedal lakeside paths and hop on boats between piers on Taiwan's largest freshwater lake.
- Eat your way through TainanTaste milkfish congee, coffin bread and danzai noodles in the island's oldest city and food capital.
- Explore the National Palace MuseumMarvel at one of the world's great collections of Chinese imperial art, from jade carvings to ancient bronzes.
- Road-trip the east coastDrive or cycle between Hualien and Taitung past Pacific cliffs, Indigenous villages and rice fields framed by mountains.
Who said airlines have to fly every route they sell? Low-cost-carrier Tigerair Taiwan is testing a way to tap another carrier’s network, sell the journey itself, and skip the traditional interline setup.
#Taiwan#Flights & Airlines
A good sale for nonstop service to Taipei Delta’s $959 fare is a regular economy fare with TWO checked bags and normal
#Taiwan#Taipei#Delta#Deals & Budget
Where to go in Taiwan
- TaipeiNorth · capital cityA friendly, easy-to-navigate capital of temples, museums, mountain hikes and some of Asia's best street food.
- 📍Taroko National ParkHualien · marble gorgeTowering marble walls, shrines clinging to cliffs and turquoise rivers make this Taiwan's most famous natural sight.
- TainanSouth · old capital & foodThe island's oldest city is packed with historic temples, Dutch-era forts and legendary snack stalls.
- Sun Moon LakeCentral · lake & mountainsA misty mountain lake ringed by cycling paths, pagodas and the homeland of the Thao people.
- AlishanChiayi · forest & teaGiant ancient trees, a historic mountain railway and high-mountain oolong tea plantations above the clouds.
- JiufenNew Taipei · historic hill townTeahouses and lantern-lit alleys tumble down a hillside overlooking the Pacific.
- 📍KentingPingtung · beachesTaiwan's tropical southern tip offers coral beaches, surfing and a relaxed seaside vibe.
- 📍KaohsiungSouth · port cityA sunny harbour city with an arts district in old warehouses, the Lotus Pond pagodas and great seafood.
Taipei holds East Asia’s largest Pride event later this month
A close look at Starlux's A350-1000 first class on the short Taipei to Tokyo Narita hop, comparing it to the carrier's long haul product.
#Japan#Taiwan#Airbus#First class
- Graze your way through a night market
- Hike the trails of Taroko Gorge
- Release a sky lantern in Pingxi
- Soak in the hot springs of Beitou
The first two of Taiwan’s 66 new F-16V Block 70 fighter jets landed at Chihhang Air Base in…
#Taiwan#China#Flights & Airlines
- Beef noodle soup – rich broth with tender beef
- Xiaolongbao – soup dumplings
- Bubble tea – milk tea with chewy tapioca pearls
- Gua bao – steamed bun with braised pork
Best time to visit Taiwan
Taiwan has a subtropical north and a tropical south, with hot humid summers and mild winters that can feel damp and grey in Taipei. The mountains are much cooler year-round, and the south stays sunnier and drier in winter.
Typical daytime highs and rain in Taipei (approximate averages).
- January/FebruaryLunar New YearFamilies gather for feasts, red envelopes and temple visits, while many shops close for several days.
- February/MarchLantern FestivalHuge lantern displays light up cities, and sky lanterns float over Pingxi on the 15th day of the lunar year.
- March/AprilDajia Mazu PilgrimageHundreds of thousands of devotees follow the sea goddess Mazu's palanquin on a multi-day walk through central Taiwan.
- May/JuneDragon Boat FestivalTeams race decorated boats on rivers while everyone eats sticky-rice zongzi wrapped in leaves.
- August/SeptemberGhost MonthTemples and households make offerings to wandering spirits, with lantern floats and folk rituals in Keelung and beyond.
How many days in Taiwan?
Day 1-2 explore Taipei's temples, Taipei 101, the National Palace Museum and night markets. Day 3 take a day trip to Jiufen and the Pingxi railway villages. Day 4-5 head to Hualien for Taroko Gorge before returning by train.
Day 1-3 Taipei and Jiufen, then Day 4-5 Taroko Gorge and the east coast down to Taitung. Day 6-7 Kenting and Kaohsiung in the sunny south, Day 8 Tainan's food and temples. Day 9-10 Alishan or Sun Moon Lake before the high-speed rail back to Taipei.
Backpacker budget: about $45–65 a day
- Get an EasyCard or iPASS stored-value card – it works on metros, buses, many trains, YouBikes and even convenience stores.
- Use regular TRA trains and intercity buses instead of the high-speed rail to cut transport costs on longer trips.
- Eat at night markets and local noodle shops; a filling meal costs very little and quality is generally excellent.
- Convenience stores are open 24/7 and sell hot meals, SIM cards and offer free toilets – a lifesaver on a budget.
- Base yourself near Taipei Main Station or Ximending, where most hostels cluster and transport links are easiest.
Stay safe
- Taiwan has very low crime, but keep an eye on belongings in crowded night markets and stations.
- Check typhoon warnings in summer and autumn; mountain roads and parks such as Taroko can close after storms or earthquakes.
- Earthquakes are common – learn the drop-cover-hold routine and follow official instructions if one strikes.
- Scooter traffic can be chaotic; look carefully before crossing and only ride a scooter if you hold the right licence.
Money
- Cash is still king at night markets and small eateries, though cards and mobile payments are widely accepted in cities.
- ATMs in convenience stores usually accept foreign cards and are available around the clock.
- Tipping is not expected; restaurants and hotels sometimes add a service charge to the bill.
Emergency: 110 police · 119 fire & ambulance
Most travellers arrive at Taoyuan International Airport near Taipei, with further international flights into Kaohsiung and Taichung and Taipei's downtown Songshan airport serving regional routes.
✈️ Cheap flights to Taiwan: airports, flight times & best time to fly →
- Taiwan has more than 200 peaks over 3,000 metres, with Yushan (Jade Mountain) the highest in Northeast Asia.
- Bubble tea was invented in Taiwan in the 1980s and is now sold around the world.
- Garbage trucks play classical music, such as Beethoven's "Für Elise", so residents know to bring their rubbish out.
- In 2019 Taiwan became the first place in Asia to legalise same-sex marriage.
- Many linguists believe the Austronesian language family, spoken from Madagascar to Hawaii, originated in Taiwan.
Taiwan travel questions
Is Taiwan safe for tourists?
Yes – Taiwan is one of the safest destinations in Asia, with low crime and helpful locals. The main hazards are natural, such as typhoons and earthquakes, so follow local warnings.
When is the best time to visit Taiwan?
October to December and March to April offer the most comfortable weather. Summer is hot, humid and can bring typhoons, though it is great for mountain trips.
How many days do you need in Taiwan?
Five days covers Taipei and Taroko Gorge, while 10 to 14 days lets you loop the whole island by train, including Tainan, Kenting and Alishan.
Do I need a visa for Taiwan?
It depends on your passport – many nationalities can visit visa-free for short stays, but rules vary. Check the official government site or nearest representative office before you travel.
Is it easy to get around Taiwan without speaking Chinese?
Yes. Signs on metros and trains are bilingual, the transport network is excellent, and translation apps help in small eateries. Learning a few Mandarin phrases is appreciated.
Approximate daily cost per person (stay, food, local transport).
The high-speed rail runs down the west coast, and regular trains and buses go almost everywhere. Taipei's MRT is clean and simple; an EasyCard works across the island.
- Longshan Temple – Busy Taipei temple honouring Buddhist and folk deities since 1738
- Fo Guang Shan Monastery – Huge Buddhist monastery and museum near Kaohsiung
- Chung Tai Chan Monastery – Towering modern Zen monastery in the hills of Puli
- Don't stick chopsticks upright in your rice
- Give and receive items with both hands
- Keep voices down on the MRT and give priority seats to those who need them
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