The story of Nigeria
Nigeria's history stretches back thousands of years. The Nok culture, flourishing in the central region from around 1000 BC, produced remarkable terracotta sculptures and early ironwork. Later, powerful states arose: the Hausa city-states and the Kanem-Bornu Empire in the north traded across the Sahara, the Yoruba city of Ife became a spiritual and artistic centre famous for bronze heads, and the Kingdom of Benin built massive walls and created the celebrated Benin Bronzes.
From the 15th century, Portuguese and later other European traders arrived on the coast. The Atlantic slave trade had a devastating impact on the region for centuries. In the early 19th century, the Sokoto Caliphate, founded after a reform movement led by Usman dan Fodio, unified much of the north. Britain gradually extended control during the 19th century, and in 1914 the northern and southern protectorates were merged into the colony of Nigeria.
Read the full history
Nigeria gained independence in 1960 and became a republic in 1963. The early years were marked by political tensions and a civil war from 1967 to 1970. Military governments ruled for much of the following decades, before civilian rule returned in 1999. Today Nigeria is Africa's most populous country and one of its largest economies, with a booming entertainment industry.
For travellers, Nigeria offers a dynamic mix of culture, history and nature. Visitors can explore the vibrant city of Lagos, the Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove, ancient city walls, art scenes, colourful festivals and national parks. Nigerian music, film and cuisine have gained international fame, making the country an exciting destination for adventurous travellers.
Timeline
- c. 1000 BCNok culture emerges
- c. 1200Ife produces its celebrated bronze and terracotta heads
- c. 1440Benin Kingdom expands under Oba Ewuare
- 1804Usman dan Fodio begins the movement that founds the Sokoto Caliphate
- 1914Northern and southern protectorates merged
- 1960Independence from Britain
- 1991Abuja becomes the capital
- 1999Return to civilian rule
Entry rules depend on your passport and change often.
- ECOWAS β ECOWAS member β West African citizens can usually travel within the bloc.
- Commonwealth β Commonwealth member.
Before you book, check the official rules for your passport:
- Visa policy of Nigeria (Wikipedia) β
- IATA Travel Centre β passport, visa & health rules β
- U.S. passport holders β State Department country pages β
- UK passport holders β GOV.UK travel advice β
The latest visa and entry news for Nigeria appears below as soon as publishers report it.
Equatorial Guinea Joins Nigeria to Boost Tourism as Grand Hotel Djibloho Drives Corporate Travel Growth Equatorial Guinea joins Nigeria to grow tourism as Grand Hotel Djibloho expands corporate travel, events and regionalβ¦
#Equatorial Guinea#Nigeria#Hotels & Stays
Etihad Airways Expands Nigeria Reach With Ibom Air as Lagos and Accra Flights Begin in 2027 Etihad Airways will be reinforcing its plan of expansion into West Africa with a recent interline partnership with the Nigerian airlineβ¦
#United Arab Emirates#Nigeria#Accra#Etihad
Things to do in Nigeria
- Experience Lagos nightlifeDance to Afrobeats in the city that drives Africa's music scene.
- Visit the Osun-Osogbo Sacred GroveWalk among shrines and sculptures in a UNESCO-listed forest sacred to the Yoruba goddess Osun.
- Explore Lekki Conservation CentreCross one of Africa's longest canopy walkways above mangrove forest.
- Hike Olumo RockClimb the historic rock in Abeokuta for city views.
- See wildlife at YankariSpot elephants and bathe in the warm Wikki Springs.
- Tour the Benin City wallsLearn about the ancient Kingdom of Benin and its bronze-casting guilds.
- Relax at Obudu MountainRide the cable car and enjoy cool highland air on the Obudu plateau.
- Eat jollof rice and suyaTaste Nigeria's famous party rice and spicy grilled meat skewers.
- Browse Lekki Arts and Crafts MarketShop for textiles, carvings and beadwork.
- Visit Kano's dye pitsSee indigo dyeing traditions that date back centuries.
A Nigerian Air Force (NAF) ATR 42 crashed near Igbokoda, in southwestern Nigeriaβs Ondo State, on October 5,β¦
#Nigeria#Flights & Airlines
Nigeria Bayelsa Travel Access Takes Centre Stage as Governor Updates Roads and River Nun Bridge Bayelsaβs October 2026 infrastructure update puts journeys beyond Yenagoa in focus. Official records confirm the Angiama-Oporomaβ¦
#Nigeria
Where to go in Nigeria
- LagosSouthwest Β· megacityNigeria's commercial hub, with beaches, galleries, markets and nightlife.
- AbujaCentre Β· capitalA planned capital with Aso Rock, the National Mosque and Zuma Rock nearby.
- πOsogboSouthwest Β· sacred groveHome to the UNESCO-listed Osun Sacred Grove.
- πCalabarSoutheast Β· cultureKnown for its colonial history, carnival and primate conservation.
- Yankari National ParkNortheast Β· wildlifeNigeria's best-known wildlife park, with natural springs.
- πObudu PlateauSoutheast Β· highlandsCool climate, rolling hills and waterfalls.
- πBenin CitySouth Β· historic citySeat of the Oba and centre of bronze-casting tradition.
- πKanoNorth Β· ancient cityOne of West Africa's oldest cities with historic walls and dye pits.
- Hear live Afrobeats in Lagos
- Join the Calabar Carnival in December
- Swim in the Wikki Warm Springs at Yankari
- Walk the canopy walkway at Lekki Conservation Centre
- Jollof rice β spicy tomato rice, often with chicken
- Suya β spiced grilled meat skewers
- Pounded yam with egusi soup β yam dough with melon-seed stew
- Puff-puff β sweet fried dough balls
Best time to visit Nigeria
Nigeria has a tropical climate with a rainy and dry season. The south is humid and wet, while the north is hotter and drier, with dusty Harmattan winds in winter.
Typical daytime highs and rain in Lagos (approximate averages).
- AugustOsun-Osogbo FestivalA colourful two-week celebration honouring the goddess Osun.
- DecemberCalabar CarnivalOne of Africa's biggest street parties with costumes and music.
- Eid holidays (Islamic calendar)Durbar FestivalSpectacular horse parades in northern cities like Kano and Katsina.
- VariesEyo FestivalLagos masquerade with figures dressed in flowing white robes.
- February-March (not held every year)Argungu Fishing FestivalThousands of fishermen compete in a river in Kebbi State.
How many days in Nigeria?
Day 1-3 explore Lagos' markets, beaches, galleries and nightlife. Day 4 visit Abeokuta and Olumo Rock, Day 5 the Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove.
Day 1-3 Lagos, Day 4-5 Abeokuta and Osogbo, Day 6 Benin City. Day 7-9 Calabar and the Obudu plateau, Day 10 fly to Abuja β checking current travel advice for each region.
Backpacker budget: about $35β60 a day
- Shared taxis and buses connect cities cheaply, but avoid night travel.
- Eat at local 'bukas' (canteens) for cheap, delicious food.
- Lagos traffic is notorious β allow extra time for every journey.
- Use local SIM cards for data and ride-hailing apps.
- Locals are friendly and welcoming β ask for advice on safe areas.
Stay safe
- Many governments advise against travel to parts of Nigeria, especially in the northeast and northwest β check your government's latest travel advice before going.
- Avoid travelling at night and keep a low profile.
- Use trusted taxis or ride-hailing apps, especially in Lagos.
- Beware of scams and keep valuables hidden in crowded places.
Money
- The currency is the Nigerian naira.
- Cash is king; cards are accepted in upscale places in Lagos and Abuja.
- Tipping around 10% is appreciated in restaurants and for good service.
Emergency: 112
Murtala Muhammed International Airport in Lagos and Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport in Abuja are the main gateways. Land borders with Benin, Niger, Chad and Cameroon exist but can be unpredictable.
βοΈ Cheap flights to Nigeria: airports, flight times & best time to fly β
- Nigeria is Africa's most populous country.
- Nollywood is one of the largest film industries in the world by number of films produced.
- More than 500 languages are spoken in Nigeria.
- Zuma Rock near Abuja is so iconic it appears on the 100-naira note.
- The walls of Benin City were once among the largest earthworks in the world.
Nigeria travel questions
Is Nigeria safe for tourists?
Safety varies greatly by region, and several areas are considered high risk. Check your government's latest travel advice and stick to well-travelled areas with local guidance.
When is the best time to visit Nigeria?
November to February is the best time, during the dry season. Expect heavy rain in the south from June to September.
How many days do you need in Nigeria?
Five days covers Lagos and nearby highlights. Ten days lets you explore more regions and festivals.
Do I need a visa for Nigeria?
It depends on your passport. Check the official government site or embassy before you travel.
What is Nigerian food like?
Nigerian food is flavourful and often spicy. Popular dishes include jollof rice, suya, pounded yam with egusi soup and plantain.
Approximate daily cost per person (stay, food, local transport).
Domestic flights connect the major cities, while buses and ride-hailing apps work for shorter trips. Lagos traffic can be very heavy.
- Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove β Sacred forest of the Yoruba river goddess Osun, a UNESCO site
- Abuja National Mosque β Large mosque with golden dome in the capital
- Greet elders first and with respect
- Use your right hand to give and receive
- Dress smartly β appearance matters in many settings
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