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📍 Petra📷 Azurfrog · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons
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Jordan ✓

Petra

Rose-red Petra, desert camps and the Dead Sea

🕒 –:– local time6 stories this week5 sources 6 top placesCapital Amman

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Jordan📸 Photo album · 6 photos · Ultra-HD
Jordan📜 History of Jordan

The story of Jordan

Jordan lies at a crossroads of ancient civilisations. Around 9,000 years ago the Neolithic village of Ain Ghazal, now within Amman, produced some of the oldest large human statues ever found. In the Iron Age the kingdoms of Ammon, Moab and Edom flourished here, and many places in the Bible – from Mount Nebo, where Moses is said to have viewed the Promised Land, to the baptism site by the Jordan River – lie within the country.

From around the 4th century BC, the Nabataeans, a nomadic Arab people turned master traders, controlled incense and spice routes and carved their capital, Petra, into rose-red sandstone cliffs. Rome annexed their kingdom in 106 AD, and cities like Gerasa (modern Jerash) flourished with colonnaded streets and theatres. In the Byzantine era churches filled with fine mosaics, including the famous Madaba map of the Holy Land.

Read the full history

Arab Muslim armies brought Islam in the 7th century, and the Umayyad caliphs built elegant desert castles in the eastern steppe. Crusaders later raised fortresses at Kerak and Shobak, which then passed to Ayyubid and Mamluk rulers before four centuries of Ottoman rule. During the Arab Revolt of 1916, Hashemite-led forces, aided by figures such as T. E. Lawrence, rode through Wadi Rum and Aqaba. Afterwards the Emirate of Transjordan was created under a British mandate, led by Emir Abdullah, and in 1946 it became the independent Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.

Modern Jordan is known for its stability and warm hospitality in a complex region, and it has welcomed many refugees over the decades. For travellers, it packs extraordinary heritage into a compact area: UNESCO-listed Petra, Wadi Rum and Umm ar-Rasas, Roman Jerash, Crusader castles, Bedouin traditions and generous Arab cuisine shared over cardamom coffee and sweet tea.

Timeline

  1. c. 7000 BCNeolithic settlement at Ain Ghazal creates early statues
  2. c. 4th century BCNabataeans establish Petra
  3. 106 ADRome annexes the Nabataean kingdom
  4. 7th centuryArrival of Islam; Umayyad desert castles built
  5. 1516Region comes under Ottoman rule
  6. 1916Arab Revolt begins
  7. 1921Emirate of Transjordan established
  8. 1946Independence as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Jordan✨ 10 best things to do in Jordan

Things to do in Jordan

  1. Walk the Siq to Petra's TreasuryFollow the narrow winding canyon until the carved façade of Al-Khazneh appears in a burst of rose-pink light.
  2. Climb to the MonasteryHike some 800 rock-cut steps to Ad-Deir, Petra's colossal hilltop temple, for sweeping desert views.
  3. Sleep under Wadi Rum's starsSpend a night at a Bedouin camp among red dunes and towering sandstone mountains.
  4. Float in the Dead SeaBob effortlessly on the salty water at the lowest point on land, then coat yourself in mineral-rich mud.
  5. Explore Roman JerashWalk colonnaded streets, theatres and temples in one of the best-preserved Roman cities outside Italy.
  6. Hike Dana to FeynanTrek through the dramatic canyons of Dana Biosphere Reserve down to a desert ecolodge area.
  7. Wade up Wadi MujibSplash through a narrow sandstone gorge to a hidden waterfall in summer.
  8. Snorkel in AqabaDiscover coral reefs and colourful fish in the clear waters of the Red Sea.
  9. See the Madaba mosaicsView the ancient mosaic map of the Holy Land in St George's Church.
  10. Feast on mansafTry Jordan's national dish of lamb cooked in fermented yoghurt, served on rice and flatbread.
Jordan🗺️ Where to visit in Jordan

Where to go in Jordan

  • PetraSouth · ancient cityThe Nabataean rock city is one of the world's great archaeological wonders and deserves at least two days.
  • Wadi RumSouth · desertA protected desert of red sands and towering rock formations, ideal for jeep tours, hiking and stargazing.
  • 📍
    Dead SeaJordan Valley · salt lakeFloat in hyper-salty water surrounded by desert hills, an easy trip from Amman.
  • 📍
    AmmanCapital · cityA lively hilly capital with a Roman theatre, the Citadel, cafés and excellent street food.
  • JerashNorth · Roman ruinsA vast and remarkably intact Roman city with columned avenues and a hippodrome.
  • 📍
    Dana Biosphere ReserveCentral south · natureJordan's largest nature reserve, with spectacular hiking and a traditional stone village.
  • 📍
    AqabaRed Sea · coastJordan's only coastal city, with beaches, diving and a relaxed resort feel.
  • 📍
    Madaba & Mount NeboCentral · mosaics & pilgrimageA friendly town of Byzantine mosaics and the biblical viewpoint over the Jordan Valley.
Jordan✨ Must-do experiences
  • Walk through the Siq to Petra's Treasury
  • Sleep under the stars in Wadi Rum
  • Float in the Dead Sea
  • Hike the trails of Dana Biosphere Reserve
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Jordan🍽️ Taste of Jordan
  • Mansaf – lamb cooked in yogurt sauce, served with rice
  • Maqluba – upside-down rice with vegetables and meat
  • Falafel and hummus – classic breakfast plates
  • Knafeh – warm cheese pastry soaked in syrup
Jordan🌦️ Weather & best time to visit Jordan

Best time to visit Jordan

Jordan has a Mediterranean climate in the hills, with hot dry summers and cool, occasionally snowy winters in Amman and Petra. The Dead Sea, Jordan Valley and Aqaba are much warmer year-round.

BestMarch–May and September–November: warm, sunny days ideal for hiking Petra, Wadi Rum and Dana.
ShoulderDecember–February: cool and sometimes rainy in Amman and Petra, but pleasant at the Dead Sea and Aqaba.
AvoidJune–August: intense heat in Petra and the desert makes long hikes tough – start very early if you go then.
13°💧💧Jan
14°💧💧Feb
18°💧Mar
23°💧Apr
28°☀️May
31°☀️Jun
33°☀️Jul
33°☀️Aug
31°☀️Sep
27°☀️Oct
20°💧Nov
15°💧Dec

Typical daytime highs and rain in Amman (approximate averages).

Jordan🎉 Festivals & events in Jordan
  • July/August
    Jerash Festival of Culture and ArtsConcerts, folk dance and theatre performances fill the ancient Roman ruins of Jerash.
  • May (25th)
    Independence DayFireworks, flags and celebrations mark Jordan's independence in 1946.
  • Varies (end of Ramadan)
    Eid al-FitrFamilies celebrate the end of the fasting month with feasts, sweets and visits.
  • Varies (Islamic calendar)
    Eid al-AdhaThe Festival of Sacrifice is a major holiday with family gatherings and generous meals.
Jordan🧭 Jordan itinerary ideas

How many days in Jordan?

5 daysPetra, Wadi Rum & Dead Sea

Day 1 explore Amman's Citadel and Roman theatre. Day 2-3 travel south via the King's Highway to Petra for two days of exploring, then Day 4 overnight in a Wadi Rum camp and Day 5 return north to float in the Dead Sea.

10 daysJordan in depth

Day 1-2 Amman and Jerash, Day 3 Madaba, Mount Nebo and the Dead Sea. Day 4-5 Kerak Castle and hiking in Dana, Day 6-7 Petra including Petra by Night, Day 8-9 Wadi Rum and Day 10 snorkelling in Aqaba.

Jordan🎒 Backpacking Jordan – tips & hacks

Backpacker budget: about $40–60 a day

  • Downtown Amman and Wadi Musa (the town by Petra) have plenty of budget hotels and hostels with rooftop views.
  • Look into the government's combined tourist pass, which can cover entry to Petra and many other sites.
  • Public minibuses link Amman with Petra, Aqaba and Madaba cheaply, but they leave when full and rarely reach remote sites.
  • Fill up on falafel, hummus and shawarma from street stalls – Amman's downtown has legendary cheap eateries.
  • Share a taxi or driver with other travellers for routes like the King's Highway and Dead Sea that lack good public transport.
Jordan🛡️ Safety & money in Jordan

Stay safe

  • Jordan is generally considered safe for tourists, but avoid areas near the Syrian and Iraqi borders and check your government's latest travel advice given regional tensions.
  • Carry plenty of water and start hikes early – heat and sun at Petra and Wadi Rum are serious.
  • Flash floods can occur in canyons and wadis during rain; follow official closures and guide advice.
  • Dress modestly outside resorts, especially in rural areas and religious sites.

Money

  • The Jordanian dinar is the currency; ATMs are widely available in cities and Wadi Musa.
  • Cards are accepted in hotels and larger restaurants, but carry cash for taxis, small shops and Bedouin camps.
  • Tipping is customary – around 10% in restaurants if no service charge is added, plus small tips for guides and drivers.

Emergency: 911 all emergencies

Jordan🛬 Getting to Jordan

Most travellers fly into Queen Alia International Airport near Amman, with some flights to King Hussein International Airport in Aqaba. Ferries link Aqaba with Egypt, and land crossings with neighbouring countries exist, but check current status before travelling overland.

✈️ Cheap flights to Jordan: airports, flight times & best time to fly →

Jordan💡 Did you know? 5 facts about Jordan
  • The Dead Sea shore is the lowest point on dry land on Earth, more than 400 metres below sea level.
  • Petra was largely unknown to the Western world until a Swiss explorer visited in 1812.
  • Wadi Rum's Mars-like landscape has appeared in many films, including Lawrence of Arabia and The Martian.
  • The Madaba Map is the oldest surviving original map of the Holy Land.
  • Jordan's only coastline is a short stretch on the Gulf of Aqaba.
Jordan❓ Jordan travel FAQ

Jordan travel questions

Is Jordan safe for tourists?

Jordan is widely regarded as one of the safest countries in the region for tourists, with friendly locals and low crime. Avoid border areas with Syria and Iraq and always check your government's latest travel advice, as the regional situation can change.

When is the best time to visit Jordan?

Spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) bring the most comfortable temperatures for Petra and Wadi Rum. Summers are very hot, and winters can be cold and rainy in the highlands.

How many days do you need for Petra?

Two days lets you see the main sights plus the Monastery and a hike to the High Place of Sacrifice. One day covers the highlights at a fast pace.

Do I need a visa for Jordan?

It depends on your passport. Check the official Jordanian government site or your nearest embassy before you travel.

What should I wear in Jordan?

Light, modest clothing that covers shoulders and knees is respectful, especially outside Amman and resorts. Bring good walking shoes for Petra and a warm layer for desert nights.

Jordan💰 What a trip costs
$$$price level
$40–60backpacker / day
$100–180mid-range / day

Approximate daily cost per person (stay, food, local transport).

Jordan🚌 Getting around

JETT buses and minibuses link main towns, but renting a car or hiring a driver is easiest. Taxis and ride-hailing apps work well in Amman.

Jordan🛕 Sacred & spiritual places
  • Bethany Beyond the Jordan – Site on the Jordan River believed to be where Jesus was baptised
  • Mount Nebo – Hill where Moses is said to have seen the Promised Land
  • St George's Church, Madaba – Church with a famous ancient mosaic map of the Holy Land
Jordan🤝 Local etiquette
  • Dress modestly outside resorts, covering shoulders and knees
  • Accept Bedouin tea or coffee as a sign of hospitality
  • Use your right hand when eating and greeting

📰 Older Jordan stories Everything our agents ever found – keeps loading as you scroll

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